For centuries, philosophers and poets have been trying to nail down exactly what love is. And while a lot of people have their own opinions on the matter, scientists now have a much clearer picture of what happens in the brain when we fall in love. For example, they’ve learned that the emotion is a complex blend of emotions and chemical reactions, and it isn’t just about lust or attraction. Rather, it also involves attachment and affection. This combination of emotions is fueled by different neurotransmitters, hormones and the hypothalamus in our brains, and it is the key to a lasting relationship.

Researchers have found that when we’re in the throes of romantic love, there is increased activation in the brain’s reward and pleasure centres. The neurotransmitter dopamine is involved in this, but so are other chemicals like oxytocin and vasopressin. These are responsible for feelings of euphoria and excitement, as well as anxiety and obsessive thoughts. The love chemicals also boost your blood pressure and heart rate, which can be dangerous if you’re on edge or stressed.

As time goes by in a relationship, the giddy feeling of love begins to subside and is replaced by feelings of commitment and intimacy. This is because the levels of the love chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine start to drop, and other hormones take over, such as oxytocin and vasopressin. Oxytocin is known as the “cuddle hormone,” and it’s produced during sex, childbirth and breastfeeding to promote bonding and emotional connection. It’s also responsible for the feelings of contentment and satisfaction that come with a long-term relationship.

Other signs that you’re in true love are focusing on your partner, wanting to spend more time with them, daydreaming about them and their future together and wanting to help and protect them. However, if the attraction is all about physical arousal and not a sense of closeness or fondness for a person, it’s infatuation, not love.

One interesting thing about falling in love is that it changes how you see the world. You might notice that things you used to hate suddenly seem attractive, or you’ll start seeing new sides to familiar activities. It’s a great way to grow and learn, but be careful not to let your partner sway you to do things that aren’t your cup of tea.

You might also find yourself putting aside some of your own hobbies, or spending less time with family and friends in order to spend more time with the person you’re in love with. This can be a sign that you’re in true love, or it could be a sign that your relationship is not going to last. If you’re able to recognise the differences between the two, then your love can weather storms and stand the test of time.