The impact of international trade on the economies of developing countries is very significant. International trade brings various opportunities and challenges to these countries, affecting various economic, social and environmental aspects. First, access to global markets allows developing countries to increase exports of goods and services. This helps broaden the country’s revenue base, create jobs, and improve societal welfare. The agricultural and natural resources sectors often gain the greatest benefits, as developing countries have comparative advantages in these areas. Second, international trade encourages innovation and technology transfer. With the opening of international markets, local companies can adopt technology and best practices from developed countries. This creates opportunities for increased productivity and higher productivity, stimulating long-term economic growth. However, there are risks associated with international trade. Competition from imported products can affect local industries, causing losses for companies that cannot compete. As a result, many workers in the industry could lose their jobs, exacerbating economic inequality. In addition, excessive dependence on international trade can make developing countries vulnerable to global market fluctuations. When international demand declines or commodity prices fall, developing country economies can experience severe shocks. Therefore, economic diversification is very important. The environment is also a concern in international trade. Unsustainable trade practices can lead to the exploitation of natural resources, damaging the environment. Developing countries must strike a balance between pursuing economic growth and preserving the environment. Furthermore, international trade can influence domestic economic policy. Developing countries are often trapped in trade deals that benefit developed countries. This may force them to adopt policies that may not suit local needs, such as excessive tariff reductions. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is also an important aspect of international trade. FDI can bring capital, technology, and even managerial expertise to developing countries. However, the benefits of FDI are often uneven and can reinforce inequality if multinational companies do not contribute significantly to the local economy. Additionally, the social impact of international trade cannot be ignored. Trade can improve living standards, but it can also cause social tensions. Rapid growth is sometimes accompanied by rising inequality, which can create social upheaval. Human resources are a key factor in international trade. Adequate education and training will improve the capabilities of the workforce, making them more competitive on the global stage. Investment in technical and vocational education should be a priority for developing countries. Finally, international trade can also encourage regional integration. Economic cooperation between neighboring countries through trade agreements can create larger markets and encourage mutual growth. It can also strengthen diplomatic ties and increase regional stability. In this context, developing countries need to adjust their trading strategies to maximize profits while minimizing risks. Wise economic policies, industrial diversification and environmental protection are important steps in ensuring the economic sustainability of developing countries in this era of globalization.