Geopolitical Challenges in the Digital Era In the current digital era, geopolitical challenges are increasingly complex and dynamic. Digital transformation not only accelerates the flow of information, but also increases tensions between countries. One of the biggest challenges is cybersecurity, which is a major concern for governments around the world. The threat of cyber attacks can damage critical infrastructure and create economic instability. Additionally, the dominance of big tech such as Google, Facebook, and Amazon has created inequities in the distribution of power. These companies often operate with little regulation, so countries must adapt quickly to protect their national interests. In this context, personal data protection becomes a crucial issue. Countries need firm policies to protect their citizens from exploitation. Technology-driven global competition is also creating new tensions. Countries such as China and the US are competing in the development of 5G technology and artificial intelligence (AI). Control of this cutting-edge technology has the potential to change the global balance of power. With technological control, countries can strengthen their geopolitical position, as well as trigger new conflicts. Digitalization is also influencing the way diplomacy is conducted. Digital diplomacy allows for more efficient communication but also increases the risk of misinformation. Hoaxes and propaganda can spread quickly, influence public opinion and damage international relations. Therefore, an effective and credible communication strategy is needed to counter these issues. Climate change is also a significant geopolitical challenge. In the digital era, monitoring and analyzing global warming data has become easier. However, countries still find it difficult to reach a common agreement to address this issue effectively. Competition for resources is increasing, exacerbating tensions in a fragile region. The shift in economic power towards a digital model also widens the gap between countries. Developing countries often lag behind in access to technology and digital infrastructure. Without the right support, they risk being further marginalized on the global stage. Investment in education and training, especially in information technology, is a must to reduce this gap. International collaboration is very necessary to overcome geopolitical challenges in the digital era. Global platforms such as the UN must play an active role in formulating joint policies. By working together, countries can create an inclusive framework to regulate the use of technology and protect human rights in a digital context. Fake news is another issue that has emerged in this era. Social media facilitates the spread of information, but can also be a vehicle for negative influence. The government and non-government organizations need to play a role in increasing people’s digital literacy to minimize the impact of fake news. Finally, the importance of innovation in facing these challenges cannot be ignored. Countries need to invest in research and development to create technological solutions that can address global problems. International agreements in the fields of technology, trade and cybersecurity are key to achieving stability in an increasingly connected world.